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International Law
The UK is a signatory to a number of relevant UN Conventions. The
most relevant of these include:
• the United Nations (2000) Protocol to prevent, suppress and
punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children,
supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational
Organised Crime. This includes a definition, a requirement to
criminalise trafficking and measures that should be taken to
support and protect victims.
• The Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989).
• The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination
Against Women (CEDAW) 1979 which focuses on ‘Traffic in women and
exploitation of prostitution of women’ in part 1, article 6.
There are also a number of non-binding international standards
relating to trafficking, including:
• The UN General Assembly resolution on Trafficking in Women and
Girls (11 October 2002);
• The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights’
Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human
Trafficking (September 2002);
The UN Commission on Human Rights resolution on traffic in women
and girls (16 April 2002); Within this resolution, states were
called upon to criminalise all forms of trafficking, to penalise
all perpetrators and to ensure exploited women and girls were
neither criminalised nor penalised. An encouragement to
governments to adopt standard minimum humanitarian treatment to
trafficked persons was reiterated.
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