Useful Publications

Alcohol Alert (1998) Code of Practice for Courts page 22 May.

Alcohol Concern (1999) Proposals for a National Alcohol Strategy for England

Alcohol Concern (1997) Measures for Measure, A Framework for Alcohol Policy.

Alcohol Concern (1997) Fact sheet – Young Teenagers’ Drinking. Alcohol Concern (1991) Warning Alcohol Can Damage Your Health

Anderson, P. (1991) Alcohol as a key area, in R. Smith (ed) Health of the Nation: The BMJ View. London: BMJ.

Audit Commission (1996) Misspent Youth: Young People and Crime. London: Audit Commission

Backhouse, M. (1986) Problem Drinkers and the Statutory Services, York and Hull: Accident and Emergency Addiction Research Centre

Balding, J. (1997) Young people in 1996. Schools Health Education Unit, University of Exeter.

Bartlett, E. E. (1980) ‘The contribution of consumer health education to primary care practice: a review’, Medical Care, XVIII, 8, 862-71.

Blane, H. T. and Hewitt, L. E. (1980) ‘Alcohol, public education and mass media: an overview’, Alcohol Health and Research World, 5, 2-16

Bennett, R., Buss, A. and Carpenter, J. (1969) ‘Alcohol and human physical aggression’ Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 30, 870-876

Bennett, T. (1998) Drugs and Crime: The Results of Research on Drug Testing and Interviewing Arresstees London: Home Office Research and Statistics Directorate

Brewers and Licensed Retailers Association (1997) Licensed Property: Security in Design. London: BLRA and the Metropolitan Police Service

Brewers and Licensed Retailers Association (1997) Statement on Toughened Glass. London

British Medical Journal (1989) Alcohol and Accidents. London: BMJ.

Brown, S., Goldman, M., Inn, A. and Anderson, L. (1980) ‘Expectations of reinforcement from alcohol: their domain and relation to drinking patterns’, journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 48, 419-426

Bushman, B.J. (1997) ‘Effects of alcohol on human aggression: validity of proposed explanations’ in M. Galanter (ed.) Recent Developments in Alcoholism, Alcohol and Violence,New York, Plenum, 227-243

Chick, J. (1998) ‘Treatment of alcoholic violent offenders: ethics and efficacy’, Alcohol and alcoholism, Vol. 33, No. 1, 20-25.

Crawford, A. (1982) ‘Alcohol and crime; self-reported alcohol consumption of Scottish prisoners Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 43, No. 5, 610-613.

Craze, L. (1995) ‘An analysis of enforcement and operational information’, in T. Stockwell(ed.) An Examination of the Appropriateness and Efficacy of Liquor Licensing Laws Across Australia

Canberra: Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health, Reprinted 1995 Deehan, A., Stark, M., Marshall, E.J., Hanrahan, B. and Strang, J. (1998) ‘Drunken detainees in police custody: is brief intervention by the forensic medical examiner feasible? ’ Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, Vol. 8, 214-221.

Depa rtment of Health (1999) Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation, London: Stationery Office C N 4 3 8 6,

Dumochel, W., Willaims, A.F., and Zador, P. (1989) ‘Raising the alcohol purchase age: its effect on fatal motor vehicle crashes in twenty six states’, Journal of Legal Studies (Jan), 249-266

Effective Health Care Bulletin (1993) Brief Interventions and Alcohol Use. Number 7. London: Department of Health

Fishbein, D.H., Jaffe, J.H., Snyder, F.R., Haetzen, C.A. and Hickey, J.E. (1993) ‘Drug users’ sel f - reports of behaviors and affective states under the influence of alcohol’, Journal of the Addictions, Vol. 28, 1565-1585.

Fossey, E. (1992) ‘The Development of Attitudes to Alcohol in Young People’, in Alcohol and Young People: Learning to Cope. Proceedings of Addictions Forum Conference, October1992. London: The Portman Group

Foxcroft D. R., Lister-Sharp, D. and Lowe, G. (1997) ‘Alcohol misuse prevention for young people: a systematic review reveals methodological concerns and lack of reliable evidence of effectiveness. Addiction 92(5), 531-537.

Giancola, P.R. and Zeichner, A. (1995) ‘Alcohol-related aggression in males and females: effects of blood alcohol concentration, subjective intoxication, personality, and provocation

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , Vol. 19, 130-134. Gibbs, J. J. (1986) ‘Alcohol consumption, cognition and context, examining tavern violence’,

A. Campbell, and J. J. Gibbs (eds.) Violent Transactions: The Limits of Personality, O x f o rd : Blackwell .

Dehhan Ann Alcohol and Crime: taking stock Home office Policing and Reducing Crime Unit, Crime Reduction Research Series Paper 3 

G o d f re y, C. (1996) ‘The economic impact of alcohol misuse and abuse’, in Alcohol Dependency: Meeting the Challenge – A Fact File based on the UK series of Medical Symposia for Specialists held in 1995/1996. High Wycombe, Bucks: Tangent Medical E d u c a t ion

Gofton, L. (1990) ‘On the town: drink and the new lawlessness’, Youth and Policy, 29, 33-9.

Goldstein, A.P. (1994) The Ecology of Aggression.. New York: Plenum Press .

Graham, K., Leonard, K.E., Room, R., Wild, C.T., Pihl, R.O., Bois, C. and Single, E. (1998)

Current directions in research on understanding and preventing intoxicated aggression , Addiction, Vol. 93(5), 659-676

Graham, K. and Homel, R. (1997) ‘Creating safer bars’, in M. Plant, E. Single, and T. Stockwell. (eds.), Alcohol: Minimising the Harm – What Works? London: Free Association Books

Graham, K., Wells, S. and West, P. (1997) ‘A framework for applying explanations of a l c o h o l - related aggression to naturally occurring aggressive behavior’ Contemporary Drug Problems, 24

Graham, K., Schmidt, G. and Gillis, K. (1996) ‘Circumstances when drinking leads to aggression C o n t e m p o r a r y Drug Problems, 23, No.3, 493-557.

Graham, K., LaRocque, L., Yetman, R., Ross, T.J. and Guistra, E. (1980) ‘Aggression and bar room environments ’ Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 41, 277-292.

Hayes, P. (1993) ‘A view from the probation service’, in J. Russell (ed.) Alcohol and Crime – Proceedings of a Mental Health Foundation Conference Mental Health Foundation.

Health Education Authority (1999) Health Behavior in School-aged Children London: HEA.

Heather, N. (1981) ‘Relationships between delinquency and drunkenness among Scottish young offenders’ British Journal of Alcohol and Alcoholism, 16, 150-161

Home Office (1997) Aspects of Crime: Drunkenness 1995. Development and Statistics Dire c t o r a t e London: Home Office Research,

Home Office Standing Conference on Crime Prevention (1987) Report of the Working Group on Young People and Alcohol. London: HMSO.

Home Office(1997) Statement by the Ministerial Group on Alcopops.

Homel R. and Clarke, J. (1994) ‘The prediction and prevention of violence in pubs and clubs’, in R. V. Clarke (ed.) Crime Prevention Studies, Vol. 3. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press, 1-46.

Homel, R., Tyomsen, S. and Thommeny, J.L. (1991) ‘The problem of violence in licensed premises: the Sydney Study’, in T. Stockwell, E. Lang, and P. Rydon (eds.)

The Licensed Drinking Environment: Current Research in Australia and New Zealand, Melbourne, National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse.

Hough, C M and Mayhew, P (1985) Taking Account of Crime Key: Findings from the 1984 British Crime Survey, Home Office Research Study No.85, London: HMSO

Hough, M. (1996) Drug Misuse and the Criminal Justice System: A Review of the Literature .

London: Drugs Prevention Initiative Paper 15

.Hunt, R. (1996) ‘Alcohol and the police surgeon’, Alcoholism, The Newsletter from the Medical Council on Alcoholism, Vol. 15(6).

Institute of Medicine (1990) Broadening the base of treatment for alcohol problems’ Washington D.C., National Academy Press .

Ireland, C.S. and Thommeny, J. L. (1993) ‘The crime cocktail: licensed premises, alcohol and street offences’ D rug and Alcohol Review, Vol. 12, 143-150

Jacobs, J. (1998) The Links between Substance Misuse and Domestic Violence: Current Knowledge and Debates. London: Alcohol Concern.

Jeffs, W.B. and Saunders, W. M (1983) ‘Minimizing alcohol-related offences by enforcement of the existing licensing legislation’ British Journal of Addiction, Vol. 78, 66-77.

Jenkins, C. (1998) ‘Most of force’s custody officers have no formal training in the role’, T h e Police Review, N o v e m b e r.

K e l l y, T.H., Cherek, D.R., Steinberg, J. and Robinson, D. (1988) ‘Effects of provocation and alcohol on human aggressive behavior’, D rug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 21, 105-112.

Kilfoyle, M and Bellis,M (1998) Club Health; The Health of the Clubbing Nation. University of Liverpool

Kinross, I. (1997) ‘Drink drivers name bars that over- serve’, The Journal, March

K reitman, N. (1986) ‘Alcohol consumption and the preventive paradox’, British Journal of Addiction , Vol. 81, 353-363.

Lang, E. and Rumbold, G. (1997) ‘The effectiveness of community-based interventions to reduce violence in and around licensed premises: a comparison of three Australian models’, Contemporary Drug Problems , Vol. 24, No. 4, 8-25.

Leigh, A., Johnson, G. and Ingram, A. (1998) Deaths in Police Custody: Learning the Lessons, Police Research Series, Paper 26. London: HMSO.

L e o n a rd, K.E. and Blane, H.T. (1988) ‘Alcohol expectancies and personality characteristics in young men’, Addictive Behaviours, Vol. 13, 353-357

L e v y, D.T. and Miller, T. R. (1995) ‘A cost-benefit analysis of enforcement efforts to reduce serving intoxicated persons’ Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 56(2), 240-247.

Lindqvist, P. (1991) ‘Homicides committed by abusers of alcohol and other drugs’ British Journal of Addiction, 86, 321-6

Magennis, P., Shepherd, J., Hutchison, H. and Brown, A. (1998) ‘Trends in facial injury ’ British Medical Journal , 316, 325-326.

Manning, H. (1996) ‘Alcohol and the work of the police’, A l c o h o l ism, The Medical Council on Alcoholism, Vol. 15(6), 1-2

Marsh, P. and Kibby, K. (1992) Drinking and Public Disorder, O x f o rd: Alden Press .

Marshall, E.J. and Alam, F. (1997) ‘Psychiatric problems associated with alcohol misuse and dependence British Journal of Hospital Medicine, Vol.58 (1), 44-46.

M a y h e w, P. et.al. (1993) The 1992 British Crime Survey, Home Office Research Study No. 132. London: HMSO

M c K e g a n e y, N et al. (1996) ‘Designer drinks’, British Medical Journal Vol. 313, (7054).

MCM Research (1993) Keeping the Peace: A Guide to the Prevention of Alcohol-rel a t e d Disorder . London: Portman Gro u p

Measham, F., Newcombe, R. and Parker, H. (1998) ‘The normalisation of recreational drug use amongst young people in North West England’ British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 45, 287-3 1 2

.M e y e r, A.J. & Anthony, J. (1980) ‘Skills training in cardio-vascular health education campaign’ Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 48, 129-142

M i l l e r, W. R. (1985) ‘Motivation for treatment; a review with special emphasis on alcoholism’, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 98, 84-107.

Murdoch, D., and Pihl R.O. (1988) ‘The influence of beverage type, BAL and sex of interactor on female bar patrons’ verbal aggression’, I international Journal of Addictions, Vol. 23, 953-96 6 .

M u rdoch, D., Phil, R.O. and Ross, D. (1990) ‘Alcohol and crimes of violence: present issues’, Intenational Journal of the Addictions, Vol. 25, 1065-1081.

Myers, T. (1986) ‘An analysis of context and alcohol consumption in a group of criminal events’ Alcohol and Alcoholism, Vol. 21(4), 389-95.

The National Licensee’s Certificate Awarding Body (1994) Handbook for the national licensee’s certificate on-licensee London: BLRA.

Newcombe, R. et al. (1995) ‘A survey of drinking and deviant behaviour among 14/15 year olds in North West England’ , Addiction Research , Vol. 2(4), 319-342.

Norton, A. (1998) ‘Alcohol-related crime: The good practice of the magistrates courts’ , Alcohol and Alcoholism, Vol. 33(1), 78-82.

Nowill, R. and Lavin, A. (1988) Pub Watch. Sheffield: South Yorkshire Police.

P a r k e r, H. Aldridge, J. and Measham, F. (1998) Illegal Leisure. The Normalisation of Adolescent Recreational Drug Culture London: Routledge

Pernanen, K. (1991) Alcohol in Human Violence. New York: Guilford Press

Pernanen, K. (1981) ‘Theoretical aspects of the relationship between alcohol and crime’, in J. J. Collins. (ed.)

Drinking and Crime: Perspectives on the Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Criminal Behaviour. New York: Guilford,

Pihl, R. O. (1983) ‘Alcohol and aggression: a psychological perspective’ in Gottheil et al. (eds.), Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Aggression . Springfield: Charles Thomas.

Portman Gro u p (1998) Keeping the Peace. L o n d o n

P u r s e r, R.M. (1997) Prevention Approaches to Alcohol Related Crime – A Review of a Community Based Initiative from a UK Midlands City. Birmingham: Aquarius.

P u r s e r, R.M. (1995) Alcohol and Crime. Submission to the All Party Group on Alcohol Misuse.

R a m s a y, M. (1991) Restricting public drinking: Studies by the Home office and two Local Authorities,, Home Office Research Bulletin No. 30. London: Home Office

Ramsay, M. (1989) Downtown Drinkers: The Perceptions and Fears of the Public in a City C e n t re Crime Prevention Unit Paper 19. London: HMSO

R a m s a y, M. (1982) City Centre Crime; a Situational Approach to Prevention , Research and Planning Unit paper 10. London: Home Office

R a y n o r, P. and Honess, T. (1998) ‘Drug and alcohol related offender’s project: An evaluation of the West Glamorgan partnership, D rugs Prevention Initiative, Paper 14. London: DPI.

Robertson, C. (1990) ‘Alcohol – a public health problem. Is there a role for the general practitioner? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol. 83, 232-235

.Room, R. (1983) ‘Region and urbanisation as factors in drinking practices and problems’, in The Biology of Alcoholism, Vol. 6

Room, R. and Collins, G. (eds.) (1983) Alcohol and Disinhibition: Nature and Meaning of the Link , Proceedings of a conference, Berkeley/Oakland, California

Rootman, I. (1985) ‘Using Health Promotion to Reduce Alcohol Problems’, in: Alcohol Policies, WHO, Euro Series No.18.

Royal College of Psychiatrists (1986) Alcohol: Our Favourite Drug London: Tavistock .

Russ, N.W. and Geller, E.S. (1987) ‘Training bar personnel to prevent drunken driving: a field evaluation’, American Journal of Public Health, 77, 952-4.

Rydon, P. (1995) ‘Alcohol industry practices relating to liquor licensing regulations’, in T. Stockwell (ed.) An Examination of the Appropriateness and Efficacy of Liquor Licensing Laws across Australia, Canberra. Canberra: Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health, Reprinted 1995.

Sallmen, B., Berglund, M. and Bokander, B. (1996) ‘Eighteen months follow-up of alcoholics in a coerced treatment setting’ Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Vol. 10, 290-292 .

Saunders, P. (1998) ‘The good practice of the police: an alternative approach in dealing with offenders who misuse alcohol’ Alcohol and Alcoholism, Vol. 30(1), 73-7.

S h e p h e rd, J. (1994) ‘Violent crime: The role of alcohol and new approaches to the pre v e n t i o n of injury’ Alcohol and Alcoholism, 29 (1),5-10.

S h e p h e rd, J.P. and Farrington, D.P. (1993) ‘Assault as a public health issue’, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol. 86, 89-92

S h e p h e rd. J., Shapland, M., Irish, M., Scully, C. and Leslie, I. (1989) ‘Recording of violent offences by the police: an accident and emergency department perspective’, Medicine Science and Law, 29, 251-256,

S h e p h e rd, J., Robinson, L. and Levers, B.G.H. (1990) ‘The Roots of Urban Violence’ , I n j u r y, Vol.21, 139-141.

S h e p h e rd, J. and Lisles, C. (1998) ‘Towards multi-agency violence prevention and victim support’ , British Journal of Criminology, Vol.38, 351-370.

S h e p h e rd, J. (1990) ‘Violent crime in Bristol’, British Journal of Criminology, Vol.30, 289-305.

Shuntich, R. and Ta y l o r, S. (1972) ‘The effects of alcohol on human physical aggression ’ J ournal of Experimental Research in Personality, Vol.6, 34-38.

Stillwell, G., et al. (1998) Young People and Alcohol: A School Survey in the London Borough of Brent London: NAC

Stockwell, T., Lang, E. Rydon, P. (1993) ‘High-risk drinking settings: The association of serving and promotional practices with harmful drinking’ Addiction, Vol. 88(11), 1519-1526.

Stokols, D. (1992) ‘Establishing and maintaining healthy environments: Toward a social ecology of health promotion’ American Psychologist, Vol. 47, 6-22.

Summer, M. and Parker, H. (1995) Low in alcohol. A review of international research into a l c o h o l ’s role in crime causation. London: The Portman Group .

Taylor, S. and Leonard, K. (1983) ‘Alcohol and human physical aggression’, in Geen and Donnerstein (eds.) Aggression: Theoretical and Empirical Reviews. New York: Academic Press

Tuck, M. (1989) Drinking and Disorder: A Study of Non-Metropolitan Vi o l e n c e . Home Office R e s e arch Study, No. 108. London: HMSO.

Tu rning Point (1998) An Evaluation of the Geelong Local Industry Accord. Victoria: Alcohol and Drug Centre Inc.

Wallace, P., Cutler, S. and Haines, A. (1988) ‘Randomised control trial of general practitioner intervention with excessive alcohol consumption’British Medical Journal , 297, 663-668.

Ward, D.A. and Allwine, K.J. (1979) ‘Effects of legal coercion in the treatment of alcohol-related criminal offenders’ Justice System Journ a l , Vol 5, 107-111.

We b s t e r, R. and Chappell, I. (1995) Breaking into the System. London: Alcohol Concern .

Wedel, M., Pieters J.E., Pikaar, N.A. and Ockhuizen, T. H . (1991) ‘Application of a three - compartment model to a study of the effects of sex, alcohol dose and concentration, exercise and food consumption on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in healthy volunteers’ Alcohol and A lcoh ism , Vol. 26, 329-36

Wells, S., Graham, K. and West, P. (1998) ‘The good, the bad and the ugly: Responses by security staff to aggressive incidents in public drinking settings’ Journal of Drug Issues Canada: Addiction Research Foundation,

.Welte, J.W. and Miller, B.A. (1987) ‘Alcohol use by violent and property offenders’ D rug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 19, 313-324.

and Miller, B.A. (1989) ‘Homicide; drinking by the victim’, Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 50, 197-201.

West Yorksire Police ( 1 9 9 8 ) Licensing Initiatives in the Police Service.

West Yo r k s h i re Police and The Portman Group

Wi l e y, J.A and We i s n e r, C. (1995) ‘Drinking in violent and non-violent events leading to arrest’ Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 23(5), 461-76.

Wilson, P. (1996) ‘Reducing violence associated with the use of alcohol’ cited in Lang and Rumbol (1997).

Womble, K. B. (1988) The Impact of Minimum Drinking Age on Fatal Crash Involvements: An Update of the NHTSA Analysis. Washington D.C.: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Wright, L. (1999) Young People and Alcohol; a literature review. London: Health Education A u t h o r i t y.

Yates., D., Hadfield J.M. and Peters, K, (1987) ‘Alcohol consumption of patients attending two accident and emergency departments in North West England’ Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine , Vol. 80, 486-489